Ferrari 308 GTS: The Definitive History, Specs, and Legacy
Introduction: Ferrari’s Open-Top Mid-Engine Icon
In the illustrious progression of Ferrari’s road cars, the 308 GTS, introduced in 1977, shines as a timeless icon—a mid-engine convertible that brought open-top exhilaration to the marque’s V8 lineage. Powered by a 3.0-liter V8, this model saw 3,219 units crafted by Scaglietti, succeeding the 308 GTB. With its targa-top design and Pininfarina’s breathtaking curves, it elevated the 308 platform, blending performance with the allure of alfresco motoring.
The year 1977 was a vibrant period for Ferrari, its racing triumphs—512 BB, 365 GTB/4 "Daytona"—complementing road car innovation. Unveiled at the 1977 Frankfurt Motor Show, the 308 GTS captivated with its blend of style and power. This exhaustive history, penned with a Ferrari historian’s precision, explores its technical mastery, its iconic design, its subtle racing ties, and its enduring legacy.
Historical Context: Ferrari’s Convertible Evolution
The Ferrari 308 GTS emerged during a dynamic era for Maranello. By 1977, Ferrari’s racing pedigree—Dino 308 GT4’s versatility, 512 BB’s supercar prowess—had solidified its stature, yet Enzo Ferrari sought to expand the mid-engine lineup with an open-top variant. The 308 GTB’s 2,185-unit run (1975-1980) had established the V8 platform’s success, but buyers craved the wind-in-the-hair experience. The 308 GTS, with its targa roof and refined chassis, answered, targeting enthusiasts and competing with Porsche’s 911 Targa and Lamborghini’s Silhouette.
A total of 3,219 units were built (1977-1985)—all Scaglietti targa-top coupes, outpacing the GTB’s production. Chassis 22605, the prototype, debuted at Frankfurt in September 1977, its sleek form a testament to Pininfarina’s artistry. This was a car for a broad audience—European drivers, American celebrities—its robust production reflecting Ferrari’s confidence in the 308 platform amid Italy’s mid-1970s economic recovery.
The broader context of 1977 shaped its purpose. Europe’s sports car market thrived—Porsche 911 Turbo, Maserati Bora—while America’s emissions and safety regulations tightened. The 308 GTS bridged Ferrari’s racing heritage, rooted in the 365 GT4 BB, with an accessible, open-top road car.
Technical Specifications: The V8’s Open-Top Refinement
The Ferrari 308 GTS’s core was its 3.0-liter V8—a refined powerplant that mirrored the GTB’s performance with open-air flair. Below, we dissect its engineering with historian’s detail.
Engine: The 3.0-Liter V8 Continuity
Displacing 2,927 cc (bore 81 mm, stroke 71 mm), the 308 GTS’s V8 was a transverse-mounted, all-aluminum unit identical to the GTB’s, with a 90-degree V-angle. Featuring double overhead camshafts per bank, an 8.8:1 compression ratio, and four Weber 40 DCNF carburetors, it produced 255 horsepower at 7,700 rpm (European spec) or 240 hp at 7,500 rpm (US spec, detuned for emissions)—matching the GTB’s output. Weighing 280 lbs, it delivered 209 lb-ft of torque at 5,000 rpm.
This engine was a mid-engine stalwart. Chassis 24117, a 1978 model, showcased its smooth, high-revving power, balancing performance with open-top usability.
Performance: Spirited Open-Top Speed
The 308 GTS reached 159 mph (256 km/h)—verified by Autocar’s 1978 test—matching the GTB, with a 0-60 mph time of ~6.5 seconds, slightly slower due to added weight. Its power-to-weight ratio (234 hp/ton European, 220 hp/ton US) trailed the GTB (243 hp/ton) but excelled among convertibles.
Chassis and Suspension: Mid-Engine Stability
The chassis was a tubular steel spaceframe, weighing 1,090 kg (2,403 lbs)—40 kg heavier than the GTB due to its targa-top reinforcement. Its 2,340 mm wheelbase matched the GTB, with fully independent suspension—double wishbones with coil springs front and rear—offering precise handling and a balanced ride.
Transmission and Brakes: Dynamic Control
A 5-speed manual gearbox—synchronized, mid-mounted—drove the rear wheels, its ratios (1st: 2.82, 5th: 0.93) favoring versatility. Braking relied on 14-inch ventilated disc brakes, delivering 1.0g deceleration—effective for its weight.
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Engine | 3.0L V8, 255 hp @ 7,700 rpm (240 hp US) |
| Displacement | 2,927 cc (81 mm x 71 mm) |
| Top Speed | ~159 mph (256 km/h) |
| 0-60 mph | ~6.5 seconds |
| Weight | 1,090 kg (2,403 lbs) |
| Transmission | 5-speed manual, mid-engine |
| Suspension (Front) | Double wishbone, coil springs |
| Suspension (Rear) | Double wishbone, coil springs |
| Brakes | Ventilated discs, 14-inch |
Design and Styling: Pininfarina’s Open-Top Masterpiece
The Ferrari 308 GTS’s aesthetic was a Pininfarina triumph, crafted by Scaglietti.
Exterior: Targa-Top Elegance
Scaglietti built all 3,219 units—chassis 22605 featured a low nose, flowing curves, and a removable targa roof, finished in Rosso Corsa. Its 2,340 mm wheelbase and steel body (post-1977, after early fiberglass) offered a sleek profile, with air vents accentuating its mid-engine design.
Interior: Refined Open-Air Cockpit
The cabin was a driver’s retreat: leather bucket seats (black or tan), a gated shifter, and Veglia gauges—tachometer (9,000 rpm redline), speedometer, oil pressure. Chassis 24117’s interior, with slight upgrades over the GTB, balanced sportiness with open-top comfort.
Production and Variants: A Targa Triumph
The Ferrari 308 GTS’s 3,219-unit run (1977-1985) outpaced the GTB, spanning early models (1977-1980) and later versions (1980-1985) with fuel injection (GTSi). Chassis 22605 launched the series, while 48979 closed it, transitioning to the 328 GTS. Its focus remained road enjoyment—no racing variants emerged.
Performance and Racing Legacy: An Open-Top Performer
The Ferrari 308 GTS racing history was minimal, its road-going ethos dominant. Chassis 23341, tuned to 260 hp, ran the 1979 Targa Florio rally, placing mid-field among privateers. Its true stage was scenic drives—Riviera, Pacific Coast—where its 159 mph top speed and agile handling thrilled.
Ownership and Market Value: A Cultural Icon
The Ferrari 308 GTS value reflects its iconic status. Early owners included Tom Selleck (24117, featured in *Magnum P.I.*) and European collectors. Today, prices range $90,000-$130,000—chassis 22605 sold for $125,000 at Bonhams 2023. Restoration costs—V8 rebuilds at $90,000—highlight its enduring appeal.
Cultural Impact: Ferrari’s TV Star
The 308 GTS became a cultural legend, its *Magnum P.I.* fame amplifying its allure. Its V8 and targa-top design influenced the 328 GTS, making it a 1970s symbol of open-top style and performance.
Comparisons: Ferrari 308 GTS vs Rivals
The Ferrari 308 GTS vs Porsche 911 Targa pits 255 hp V8 against 200 hp flat-6—Ferrari led in style, Porsche in practicality. The Lamborghini Silhouette (260 hp) matched in power but trailed in refinement.
| Model | Engine | Power | Weight | Top Speed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ferrari 308 GTS | 3.0L V8 | 255 hp | 1,090 kg | ~159 mph |
| Porsche 911 Targa | 3.0L Flat-6 | 200 hp | 1,180 kg | ~143 mph |
| Lamborghini Silhouette | 3.0L V8 | 260 hp | 1,240 kg | ~162 mph |
Frequently Asked Questions
What was the Ferrari 308 GTS?
A 1977 3.0L V8 mid-engine convertible.
How many were made?
3,219 units.
What engine powered it?
2,927 cc V8, 255 hp (240 hp US).
Did it race?
Rarely—built for road use.
What’s its value?
$90,000-$130,000.
